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Power Fundamentals

Three-phase power

Three-phase power uses three AC waveforms separated in phase, allowing efficient delivery of large amounts of power. Most utility, substation, generator, UPS, and data center distribution calculations for major loads rely on three-phase formulas.

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Tier III

Tier III is concurrently maintainable infrastructure: each capacity component and distribution path can be removed for planned work without affecting operations. It is a common target for enterprise and colocation facilities, but certification depends on detailed design and operations.

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Clawback

Clawback is a provision requiring repayment or loss of incentives if commitments are not met. It protects public agencies but can create financial exposure if project timing, investment, or employment assumptions slip.

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CRAH

Computer Room Air Handler moves air across chilled-water coils to cool data center spaces. CRAH systems depend on chilled-water infrastructure and are common in larger facilities where centralized cooling plants are used.

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