Utility Rates, Grid, and Markets
A time-of-use rate changes price by hour, season, or defined peak period. It can matter for flexible load, storage, demand response, or backup operations, but many data centers have limited flexibility because uptime and workload requirements dominate.
A rider is an add-on charge, credit, adjustment, or condition layered onto a base tariff. Riders can recover fuel, transmission, demand-side programs, storm costs, riders for large loads, or negotiated service-specific obligations.
Read definition →Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heat, or cooling. Data centers are often Scope 2-intensive because electricity use dominates operational emissions.
Read definition →Facilities study identifies the specific facilities, upgrades, estimated costs, and schedule needed to interconnect a project. It is usually closer to procurement and construction planning than earlier feasibility screening.
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