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Power Fundamentals

Static transfer switch

Static transfer switch rapidly transfers a load between two power sources when one source falls outside acceptable limits. It can improve source redundancy for critical loads but adds controls, fault-current, and coordination complexity.

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Electrical room

Electrical room is a dedicated space for switchgear, panels, transformers, UPS equipment, or distribution equipment. Room size, access, clearances, fire separation, cooling, and maintenance paths can constrain usable data hall planning.

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Scope 2 emissions

Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heat, or cooling. Data centers are often Scope 2-intensive because electricity use dominates operational emissions.

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Categorical exclusion

Categorical exclusion is a category of federal action that normally does not require detailed NEPA analysis because significant environmental effects are not expected. Extraordinary circumstances can still prevent its use.

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