Utility Rates, Grid, and Markets
A standby charge is a utility charge associated with backup service for customers with on-site generation or other self-supply. It can affect microgrid, CHP, fuel-cell, and behind-the-meter generation economics.
Middle mile is regional network infrastructure connecting local access networks to long-haul backbones or major exchange points. Powered-land sites far from dense fiber markets may need middle-mile upgrades to become viable.
Read definition →GPU cluster is a group of graphics processing units connected for AI, machine learning, or high-performance computing workloads. Cluster scale affects rack density, network topology, latency, cooling, and power ramp requirements.
Read definition →Approach temperature is the difference between leaving fluid temperature and the relevant ambient or cooling medium temperature. It helps describe cooling tower, heat exchanger, and chiller performance but needs equipment-specific context.
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